Bupicain Spinal Injection 0.5%

Brand : howards

Rs. 391.20

Rs. 411.76

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Bupicain Spinal Specification

Requires Prescription (YES/NO)

Yes

Generics

Bupivacaine Hydrochloride

Used For

Anesthesia

How it works

Local anaesthetics block the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential. In general, the progression of anaesthesia is related to the diameter, myelination and conduction velocity of affected nerve fibers. Clinically, the order of loss of nerve function is as follows : (1) pain, (2) temperature. (3) touch. (4) proprioception and (5) skeletal muscle tone. Systemic absorption of local anaesthetics produce effects on the cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS). At blood concentrations achieved with normal therapeutic doses, changes in cardiac conduction, excitability, refractoriness, contractility, and peripheral vascular resistance are minimal.

Bupicain Spinal Usage And Safety

Dosage

Bupivacaine Hydrochloride

Side Effects

The most commonly encountered acute of those adverse experiences which demand immediate countermeasures following the administration of spinal anaesthesia are hypertension due to loss of sympathetic tone and respiratory paralysis or underventilation due to cephalad extension of the motor level of anaesthesia. These may lead to cardiac arrest if untreated. In addition, dose related convulsions and cardiovascular collapse may result from diminished tolerance, rapid absorption from the injection site or from unintentional intravascular injection of a local anaesthetic solution Factors influencing plasma protein binding, such as acidosis, systemic disease which alter protein production, or competition of other drugs for protein binding sites, may diminish individual tolerance.

Drug Interactions

The administration of local anaesthetic solutions containing epinephrine or norepinephrine to patient receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors or tricycilc antidepressants may produce severe, prolonged hypertension. Concurrent therapy is necessary, careful patient monitoring is essential. Concurrent administration of vasopressor drugs and of ergot-type oxytocic drugs may cause severe persistent hypertension or cerebrovascular accidents. Phenothiazines and butyrophenones may reduce or reverse the pressor effect of epinephrine.

Indication

It is indicated for the production of subarachnoid block (spinal anaesthesia).

When not to Use

Bupivacaine in Dextrose Injection is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to it or to any local anaesthetic agent of the amide-type. The following conditions preclude the use of spinal anaesthesia: 1. Severe haemorrhage, severe hypotension or shock and arrhythmias, such as complete heart block, which severely restrict cardiac output. 2. Local infection at the site of proposed lumbar puncture. 3. Septicaem

Bupicain Spinal Precautions

Precaution

Local anaesthesia should only be employed by clinicians who are well versed in management of dose related toxicity and other acute emergencies under ventilation from any cause and / or altered sensitivity may lead to the development of acidosis, cardiac arrest, and possibly death.

Bupicain Spinal Warnings

Warning 1

Spinal anaesthetics should be used with caution in patients with severe disturbances of cardiac rhythm, shock, or heart block.Serious dose-related cardiac arrhythmias may occur if preparations containing a vasoconstrictor such as epinephrine are employed in patients during or following the administration of potent inhalation agents.

Warning 2

A free flow of cerebrospinal fluid during the performance of spinal anaesthesia is indicative of entry into the subarachnoid space. However, aspiration should be performed before the anaesthetic solution is injected to confirm entry into the subarachnoid space and to avoid intravascular injection.

Warning 3

Bupivacaine solutions containing epinephrine or other vasopressors should, not be used concomitantly with ergot-type oxytocic drugs, because a severe persistent hypertension may occur. Likewise, solutions of bupivacaine containing a vasoconstrictor, such as epinephrine, should be used with extreme caution in patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) or antidepressant of the triptyline or pramine types, because severe prolonged hypertension may result .